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Study fails to tie fat intake to breast cancer risk

Last Updated: 2007-12-21 12:00:38 -0400 (Reuters Health)
By Megan Rauscher

What breastcancer.org says about this article…

Study fails to tie fat intake to breast cancer risk

The large study reviewed here found no clear link between the amount of fat a woman eats and her breast cancer risk. Some earlier research found a link between a diet high in fat and breast cancer risk. This study was done in Sweden, where the amount of fat in a high-fat diet may be much lower than the amount of fat in a North American high-fat diet.

There are three types of fat in food:

  • Saturated fats (SFA), found mainly in meat and whole-milk products, are only found in foods that come from animals, not those that come from plants. Saturated fat can raise "bad" LDL cholesterol levels.
  • Monounsaturated fats (MUFA), found in many nuts and in olive oils, and polyunsaturated fats (PUFA), found in seafood, fish oils, and corn oil, can lower "bad" (LDL) cholesterol levels and raise "good" (HDL) cholesterol levels.

Each type of fat can effect general health, and possibly breast health, in different ways.

This study looked closely at breast cancer risk in women older than 50 and found that women who ate a lot of unsaturated fats (MUFA and PUFA) earlier in life had a reduced risk of breast cancer later in life.

Even though the link between eating fat and breast cancer risk isn't completely clear, maintaining a healthy lifestyle CAN reduce the risk of developing breast cancer and can improve survival and reduce the risk of the cancer coming back in women who've been diagnosed. A healthy lifestyle includes:

  • a well-balanced diet that is low in saturated fat and includes lots of fruits and vegetables
  • regular, moderate exercise
  • maintaining a healthy weight
  • limiting alcohol
  • no smoking

Visit the breastcancer.org Lower Your Risk section for more information on all that you can do to keep your risk of breast cancer or breast cancer recurrence as low as it can possibly be.

More Research News on Nutrition (24 Articles)

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Results of a Swedish study of mainly premenopausal women at enrollment does not provide any evidence that total dietary fat or intake of monounsaturated fat (MUFA), polyunsaturated fat (PUFA), or saturated fat (SFA) is associated with a woman's overall risk of developing breast cancer.

However, according to Dr. Marie Lof from the Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, "Our results suggest that types of fat (MUFA, PUFA, SFA) may have different effects on risk between breast cancer occurring before and after age 50 years."

"Such a finding has not been reported before," she told Reuters Health, adding: "There is no apparent explanation for this finding and further studies are warranted."

The Swedish study involved 44,569 women of normal weight at enrollment, at which time their fat intake was assessed. During an average follow up of 13 years, 974 women developed breast cancer.

Lof and colleagues report in the British Journal of Cancer that total fat, MUFA, PUFA, and SFA were not associated with breast cancer risk overall.

However, women reporting the highest MUFA and PUFA intake had a markedly reduced risk of breast cancer after age 50 years compared to women with the lowest MUFA and PUFA intake.

Summing up, Lof and colleagues note that despite the overall negative findings in this study, it's possible the type of fat during premenopausal years "may have later differential effects on risk."

SOURCE: British Journal of Cancer, November 27, 2007.


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