Avastin (chemical name: bevacizumab) is an antiangiogenesis targeted therapy medicine. Avastin is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat advanced cancers of the lung, colon, and rectum.
Antiangiogenesis medicines choke off cancer cells' blood supply. Anti means "in opposition to," angio means "blood vessel," and genesis means "beginning."
Avastin has been studied in combination with chemotherapies such as Taxol (chemical name: paclitaxel) and Xeloda (chemical name: capecitabine) to treat advanced breast cancer. Researchers also have studied Avastin in combination with Herceptin to treat advanced, HER2-positive breast cancer.
As part of the review process, the FDA asked a panel of experts whether Avastin should be approved to treat advanced breast cancer. Using information from clinical trials, the experts compared the benefits of Avastin to the risks of Avastin. Five of 9 experts said Avastin shouldn't be approved to treat advanced breast cancer.
The FDA will consider the panel's opinion when making a final decision on whether to approve Avastin to treat advanced breast cancer. The FDA doesn't have to follow the experts' advice, but it usually does so.
Avastin has a number of potentially serious side effects including high blood pressure, nose bleeds, and extra protein in the urine. Avastin also may increase the risk of stroke and heart problems.
If you're being treated for advanced breast cancer, your doctor may still recommend Avastin as part of your treatment plan. The experts on the FDA review panel made their decision based on the overall results in the clinical studies. Your doctor's recommendation will be based on information from published research and your doctor's experience with Avastin to treat other people with breast cancer, as well as YOUR unique situation.
GAITHERSBURG, Maryland (Reuters) - Cancer drug Avastin should not be approved to treat women with breast cancer, a U.S. advisory panel recommended on Wednesday.
The panel decided by a vote of 5-4 that Genentech Inc failed to establish a favorable balance of risks and benefits in the data it presented for Avastin's use in advanced breast cancer patients. Avastin is made by Genentech, which is majority owned by Roche Holding AG.
Known generically as bevacizumab, Avastin is a monoclonal antibody that binds to endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which in turn inhibits the formation of new blood vessels, cutting off oxygen and nutrients cancer cells need to survive.
Shares of Genentech fell nearly 10 percent to a 2.5-year low before being halted after the panel's recommendation. Sanford Bernstein analyst Geoffrey Porges said he believed so-called "off-label" use of Avastin for breast cancer accounts for $200 million to $250 million in sales.
Avastin currently is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treating lung and colon cancer, but many doctors use it to treat breast cancer.
"I think there are too many uncertainties in the way the data was collected," said Dr. Maha Hussain, an oncologist at the University of Michigan and chairwoman of the panel.
FDA officials will consider the panel's recommendation in deciding whether to approve Avastin for breast cancer. The FDA does not have to follow the panel's advice but usually does. A final decision is expected by Feb. 23.
Avastin already has blockbuster sales, with $2.65 billion in the first nine months of this year. FDA approval would allow the drug to be promoted specifically for breast cancer and could help to secure reimbursement by insurers.
Breast cancer is one of the top 10 killers of women in the United States, claiming about 41,000 in 2004, the most recent available from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Globally, breast cancer affects 1.2 million people a year and kills 500,000, according to the World Health Organization.
STUDY WEIGHS ON RECOMMENDATION
In a major study, Avastin did not extend overall survival, although it did meet its main goal of extending progression-free survival -- a patient remaining alive without the disease getting worse.
Patients in the study were given a commonly used treatment called paclitaxel, or paclitaxel combined with Avastin, known generically as bevacizumab.
Median progression-free survival was 5.5 months longer in patients who got Avastin. FDA reviewers asked the panel to weigh that against serious side effects.
Among 722 total patients, those in the Avastin group had a 20-percent increase in serious side effects including hypertension, blood clots and heart attacks, FDA staff said.
Death attributed to the drug by the FDA was about 1.7 percent of the Avastin group versus zero in the control group.
"This is what we would call a split vote," said Dr. Richard Pazdur, director of the FDA's Office of Oncology Drug Products. "We will review the discussion and discuss it internally."
Genentech said it was disappointed with the vote and would discuss the committee's comments with the FDA.
"We remain convinced Avastin is helpful for patients with metastatic breast cancer," Genentech's president for product development, Dr. Susan Desmond-Hellmann, told reporters.
Avastin, which works by choking off the blood supply that tumors need to grow, has been cleared in Europe as a breast cancer treatment.
Shares of Genentech fell 9.1 percent to $66.13 before being halted on the New York Stock Exchange on Wednesday.
Sanford Bernstein's Porges said the sell-off was too steep. "The stock has more than fully priced the downside of Avastin not being approved in breast cancer," he said. "To completely write off the breast cancer indication is a mistake."
Porges said he did not expect an approval in February but, he said, he thinks Avastin ultimately will be cleared for breast cancer treatment after future studies.
Regarding off-label use of the drug for breast cancer, Porges said: "I don't think that goes away. The people that believe in this will continue to use it."
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